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Kentucky
State
Commonwealth of Kentucky
Flag Seal
Nickname:  The Bluegrass State
Motto(s):  United we stand, divided we fall Deo gratiam habeamus (Let us be grateful to God)
Anthem: My Old Kentucky Home
Map of the United States with Kentucky highlighted
Country	United States
Before statehood	Part of Virginia (District of Kentucky)
Admitted to the Union	June 1, 1792 (15th)
Capital	Frankfort
Largest city	Louisville
Largest county or equivalent	Jefferson
Largest metro and urban areas	Louisville
Government
• Governor	Andy Beshear (D)
• Lieutenant governor	Jacqueline Coleman (D)
Legislature	General Assembly
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	House of Representatives
Judiciary	Kentucky Supreme Court
U.S. senators	Mitch McConnell (R) Rand Paul (R)
U.S. House delegation	5 Republicans 1 Democrat (list)
Area
• Total	40,408 sq mi (104,656 km)
• Land	39,486 sq mi (102,269 km)
• Water	921 sq mi (2,387 km)  2.2%
• Rank	37th
Dimensions
• Length	397 mi (640 km)
• Width	187 mi (302 km)
Elevation	750 ft (230 m)
Highest elevation (Black Mountain)	4,145 ft (1,265 m)
Lowest elevation (Mississippi River at Kentucky Bend)	250 ft (78 m)
Population  (2020)
• Total	4,505,836
• Rank	26th
• Density	114/sq mi (44/km)
• Rank	24th
• Median household income	$52,295
• Income rank	44th
Demonym	Kentuckian
Language
• Official language	English
Time zones
eastern half	UTC−05:00 (Eastern)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−04:00 (EDT)
western half	UTC−06:00 (Central)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−05:00 (CDT)
USPS abbreviation	KY
ISO 3166 code	US-KY
Traditional abbreviation	Ky
Latitude	36° 30′ N to 39° 09′ N
Longitude	81° 58′ W to 89° 34′ W
Website	kentucky.gov

State symbols of Kentucky

List of state symbols
Flag of Kentucky
Seal of Kentucky
Slogan	Kentucky Unbridled Spirit
Living insignia
Bird	Cardinal
Butterfly	Viceroy butterfly
Fish	Kentucky spotted bass
Flower	Goldenrod
Horse breed	Thoroughbred
Insect	Western honeybee
Tree	Tulip poplar
Wildlife animal	Gray squirrel
Inanimate insignia
Beverage	Milk Ale-8-One
Dance	Clogging
Food	Blackberry
Fossil	Brachiopod
Gemstone	Kentucky agate
Mineral	Calcite
Rock	Coal
Soil	Crider Soil Series
Other	Chevrolet Corvette (state sports car)
State route marker
State quarter
Released in 2001
Lists of United States state symbols

Kentucky (, ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a landlocked state in the Southeastern region of the United States. It borders Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio to the north, West Virginia to the northeast, Virginia to the east, Tennessee to the south, and Missouri to the west. Its northern border is defined by the Ohio River. Its capital is Frankfort and its most populous city is Louisville. As of 2020, the state’s population was approximately 4.5 million.

Previously part of Virginia, Kentucky was admitted into the Union as the fifteenth state on June 1, 1792. It is known as the “Bluegrass State” in reference to Kentucky bluegrass, a species of grass introduced by European settlers which has long supported the state’s thoroughbred horse industry.

The fertile soil in the central and western parts of the state led to the development of large tobacco plantations similar to those in Virginia and North Carolina, which utilized enslaved labor prior to the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment. Kentucky ranks fifth nationally in goat farming, eighth in beef cattle production, and fourteenth in corn production. While Kentucky has been a long-standing center for the tobacco industry, its economy has diversified into non-agricultural sectors including auto manufacturing, energy production, and medicine. Kentucky ranks fourth among US states in the number of automobiles and trucks assembled. It is one of several states considered part of the Upland South.

The state is home to the world’s longest known cave system in Mammoth Cave National Park, the greatest length of navigable waterways and streams in the contiguous United States, and the nation’s two largest artificial lakes east of the Mississippi River. Cultural aspects of Kentucky include horse racing, bourbon, moonshine, coal mining, My Old Kentucky Home State Park, automobile manufacturing, tobacco, Southern cuisine, barbecue, bluegrass music, college basketball, Louisville Slugger baseball bats, and Kentucky Fried Chicken.